Accounting fraud

Accounting fraud harm investors and arise from intentional manipulation of financial statements or tax by trusted executives of corporations or governments

Such misdeeds typically involve complex methods for misusing or misdirecting funds, overstating revenues, understating expenses, overstating the value of corporate assets, or underreporting the existence of liabilities (this can be done either manually, or by the means of deep learning. Accounting fraud harm investors and It involves an employee, account, or corporation itself and is misleading to investors and shareholders.

This type of “creative accounting” can amount to fraud, and investigations are typically launched by government oversight agencies, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the United States. Employees who commit accounting fraud at the request of their employers are subject to personal criminal prosecution.

Accounting fraud harm investors and there are two types of accounting fraud, Misappropriation of assets, and Fraudulent financial reporting.

Misappropriation of assets — often called defalcation or employee fraud — occurs when an employee steals a company’s asset, whether those assets are of monetary or physical nature. Typically, assets stolen are cash, or cash equivalents, and company data or intellectual property. However, misappropriation of assets also includes taking inventory out of a facility or using company assets for personal purposes without authorization. Company assets include everything from office supplies and inventory to intellectual property.

Fraudulent financial reporting is also known as earnings management Accounting fraud harm investors. In this context, management intentionally manipulates accounting policies or accounting estimates to improve financial statements. Public and private corporations commit fraudulent financial reporting to secure investor interest or obtain bank approvals for financing, as justifications for bonuses or increased salaries, or to meet expectations of shareholders.[6] The Securities and Exchange Commission has brought enforcement actions against corporations for many types of fraudulent financial reporting, including improper revenue recognition, period-end stuffing, fraudulent post-closing entries, improper asset valuations, and misleading non-GAAP financial measures